- Culture has been
deployed too often in an attempt to explain difference and division rather than
the unity or commonality. (ETHNICITY)
- Britain has failed
to mourn the loss of its empire, creating 'postcolonial melancholy', an
attachment to a perfect version of British colonial history - expressing itself
in criminalising immigrants and showcases an 'us and them' approach, stabilised
by white western civilisation. (POST COLONIALISM, ETHNICITY)
Theory in News -
- Examples of representations celebrating a transnational Black culture.
- Examples of representations that reinforce a white version of Britishness and a view of the world that reflects the British experience of empire and colonialism.
Theory in LFTVD -
Stranger Things
focuses on a social world which is predominantly white. Whilst there are a
small number of black characters (Lucas, Officer Callahan, Principal Coleman)
who can be seen as broadly positive representations, they are generally
supporting of minor characters; with the narrative mainly being focused and
driven by white characters.
This representation
is also focused in Deutschland 83 with General Arnold Jackson being a minor
character compared to the show being driven by white characters.
> He argues that repeated similar headlines , repeated positive representations of the Royal Family - For example, establishes a 'world view' that is hard to challenge. It literally cultivates a right wing ideology and reinforces traditional values.
Examples of subjects in the news that polarise newspapers/readers:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uCvF1nyWSHk What/who is being represented?
The advert is displaying how peoples behaviour can origin from their childhood and particularly how it can be caused by poor parenting etc.
How is it being represented?
It is showing a man who is having a successful life and shows what he was like before as he gets younger and younger we gather an in site onto how difficult his life was and what caused it.
How is the representation made to seem 'true', 'commonsense' or 'natural'?
There is a natural flow of the advert as the transitions show how the actor gets younger and releases more information about why and how he became the person he is. Actions are also assosiated with the type of person he was at a certain point in time. For example when the actor was a teenager. His aggression was shown as he kicks the chair. This movement of the chair also provided a transition of actor into a younger person.
What is foregrounded and what is back grounded? Are there any notable absences?
The background is what looks like a youth centre, a place for people to grow up. We notice this as there is a pool table which shows as an activity for people. The background doesn't draw attention to itself. The adverts ambitions was to focus the attention on the actors. As the person is evolving the setting barely changes, this shows the viewer that Barnados have been there always to support this individual throughout the entirety of their life.
What way do you believe you have ‘received’ the meaning of the film: through preferred, negotiated or oppositional reading? (Hall’s theory) Explain in detail, using supporting textual reference.
This advert provides a strong meaningful message which rewrites the viewers stereotype of a particular individual for example a rough teenager and how that person came from a damaged parenthood fuelled by abuse. It also provides the viewer that Barnados are a very successful charity as they have evolved that person into a successful member of society. I have received the information through preferred reading as i believed what they were saying and didn't question there methods or if it was not true etc.
Sound Acronym - MCDOVED Music - what kind? how does it make you feel? Contrapuntal/parallel- goes against what emotions are supposed to be saying (music) Diegetic, non diegetic - real sound (what actors can hear) / what actors cant hear (voice over) Off screen/ on screen- sound off screen (phone call) cant see where sound is coming from / on screen Voiceover- narration Emotion- how the sound is making you feel Dialogue- how/what did they say?
Editing Acronym - STOPS Screen time- most important= more loved by audience Transitions- eg past/ future Order of narrative- past present future, Pace- fast, slow, eg. fight or explosion Special effects- eg. action, si-fi.
The idea that the media is controlled by a small number of companies primarily driven by the logic of profit and power.
The idea that the media concentration generally limits or inhabits variety, creativity and quality.
The idea that more socially diverse patterns of ownership help to create the conditions for more varied and adventurous media productions.
Livingstone and Lunt-Regulation Media Regulation= The control or guidance of mass media by governments and other bodies.
the
idea that there is an underlying struggle in recent UK regulation policy
between the need to further the interests of citizens (by offering protection
from harmful or offensive material), and the need to further the interests of
consumers (by ensuring choice, value for money, and market competition)
the
idea that the increasing power of global media corporations, together with the
rise of convergent media technologies and transformations in the production,
distribution and marketing of digital media, have placed traditional approaches
to media regulation at risk
Hesmondhalgh- Cultural Industries
the
idea that cultural industry companies try to minimise risk and maximise
audiences through vertical and horizontal integration, and by formatting their
cultural products (e.g. through the use of stars, genres, and serials)
the
idea that the largest companies or conglomerates now operate across a number of
different cultural industries
the
idea that the radical potential of the internet has been contained to some
extent by its partial incorporation into a large, profit-orientated set of
cultural industries
The idea that colonial discourses continue to inform contemporary attitudes to race and ethnicity in postcolonial era.
The idea that civilisation-ism constructs racial hierarchies and sets up binary oppositions based on the of otherness
More on Paul Gilroy's Theory
Black music articulated diasporic experiences of resistance to white capitalist culture.
Employs the notion of "diaspora" and how ethnic minorities (particularly black people) experience dislocation from their homeland. Eg. feeling as if you do not totally belong in Britain but you also are considered "English" in the Caribbean, Africa or Asia etc
Many racial minorities are perseved as a stereotype of their race. And this can chase younger audiences to build a perception which will be suistanied for their life.
